Jonathan Stagge : Death, My Darling Daughters, 1945

Jonathan Stagge : Death, My Darling Daughters (aka Death and the Dear Girls), 1945

Jonathan Stagge as Patrick Quentin or Quentin Patrick, was not only pseudonym, but also firm, formed in turn by the union of four pairs of writers, which is signed otherwise: the most prolific was formed by Richard Wilson Webb (1901 - 1966) and Hugh Callingham Wheeler (1912 - 1987), who signed all novels with Jonathan Stagge, from their first novel, Murder Gone to Earth - 1936, Aka The Dogs Do Bark, until the last The Three Fears, 1949. Of the nine novels published under this pseudonym, Death, My Darling Daughters (also Death and the Dear Girls) is the seventh and dates back to 1945.
The war ends and Kenmore, the town where Dr. Westlake is doctor, comes back to life. Especially is reopened the historic residence, where a vice-president of the United States of the century, Benjamin Hilton was staying in the summer
Hilton's daughter, Emily, and her two daughters, Loss and Rosalind, are staying and so they have  invited other relatives and friends: the aim is that the residence of the deceased Benjamin comes back to being the symbol of Kenmore. Among them, the other two sons of Benjamin's: the Emily’s sister, Belle, with her husband, the famous toxicologist Kenton-Oakes, and especially his brother George, scientist, with his wife Janie and his daughter Helen . Then there are friends, including Dr. Stahl, Austrian woman refugee who is studying a series of cyanide-based poisons against mouses, who is working in the barn. the assistant of George Hilton, Vic Roberts, and Dr. Westlake with his daughter Dawn.
Between dinners and concerts, it would seem that life in the residence of Hilton ran placid and smiling, and instead in the ashes the hatred is hatching: the testament of the patriarch ruled by the testament legacies of the two sisters and favored only a son who became heir to the fortune by  Hilton. Only he is rich. If he died, the money would be divided between his wife and daughter, sister and nephews. But without that he would die, if he was a bit more generous, no one would feel hatred for him. But the fact is that George is in love only of his work, of his discoveries: he became famous for his study on the possibilities of synthetic penicillin and other antibiotics. Only no one knows the truth: he was not to make the discovery, but his assistant Vic Roberts, who takes only his crumbs.

George has many people who hate him and want him dead.
It must be said that before he gets in Kenmore, perhaps someone has already in the past tried to eliminate him, mixing crushed glass to starch administered to him after a gastric congestion: only the old Nanny, the housekeeper, realized who he/she was . And it seems she has alerted the subject not to make other attempts: it is no coincidence that the day after Nanny dies, drinking tea corrected with cyanide.
Who may have been? But it was really murder or accident? Yes, because was Nanny who was polishing the silverware in the house, and to do it, used products containing cyanide. It is possible that the teapot, especially on the edge has not been cleaned properly and the residue killed the poor Nanny? Everyone thinks.
But the death of Nanny did not happen by accident: she was murdered. This is proved by the fact that Nanny drinking tea with Belle,  if it was really so, both the women would have fatally intoxicated and the teapot to be an instrument of death of both;  instead Belle was no intoxicated. So the poisoning had been made after, not before: if it was the product to clean the silverware the cause of death of Nanny, the two women should have to die, because Nanny had cleaned the silverware before and no after. So someone, after, he had voluntarily sprinkled the poison on the edge of the teapot in order to kill her. Nanny knew the intentions of the murderer, she knew the starch mixed with glass, and the starch she had not thrown: she always kept it with her, the proof the bomber in the past had tried to suppress George, and it is clear that if Nanny had not told anyone about her suspicions it is because the alleged bomber was one of the family of George, and in that house, the house of the Hilton, the aristocratic house of the Hilton, the scandals were not allowed.

Nanny died, it would seem that the murderess could try to kill George, because if he dies, the others become rich. And so ...
The toxicologist Austrian earns his paltry money by giving private music lessons to his two daughters Emily, and daughter of Westlake, Dawn, promising musician. One day, it organized a concert, a kind of essay in which the three can demonstrate improvements musical actually feel dissonance only to that concert. George, who plays the flute, he tries to give his personal contribution and then he just started to make sounds, that one more strong, distorted is lost in the air when he staggers and collapses on the floor. Dead. Poisoned. With cyanide. It turns out that the mouthpiece of the flute had been impregnated with cyanide. But also had not been cleaned it with the product for the silverware? Misfortune, for the murderer, Westlake realizes incongruity of the story of the poisoning of Nanny and as Belle should have died, if indeed the hypothesis of product for the silverware murderer was true. So when they are faced with the truth, also they understand a murderer, one by family, killed the two persons.
But where he/she get the cyanide? The fact is that there is one tide, available in the barn, to study the reactions in mouses, and then if someone took a bit no one can say, because precautions to ensure that the removal was prevented, were not put in place.
So Dr.Westlake will trap the evil murderer, not before he/she struck again, simulating a murder to suicide and blaming the suicide about the murder of his victims. The fact is that the murderer will die suicide, for cyanide, in a tragic and memorable ending.
A massacre, this!

The idea of ​​the family where they hatch hatred, jealousy and envy, when the brothers hate each other, where there is hatred behind the money, and a testament geezer by an equally quirky patriarch, are not new : S.S.Van Dine more than fifteen years before, he had sown well the seeds of hatred family in his masterpiece about the murders in the Greene family!
Stagge, however, takes the towel already developed by Van Dine and varies with great skill, playing on the psychology of the characters, highlighting the details that will be discovered, however, in their light left at the end, concealing and highlighting, in a proud of obviousness and subterfuge, more driving, along with loves lost and found, for lovers scoundrels: Vic has an extramarital relationship with Janie, he is loved by Helen and together by Dr. Stahl. George knew nothing until Helen refused had not told her: it turns out in the end that she had been the cause of the break between George and Vic. But the murderess is a man or woman? Was Vic who wanted to take revenge on George who had stolen the success, or Helen, who wanted to inherit his father's money, hating her stepmother? O Janie who would like to get rid of her husband and live with Vic? O Stahl who wants to avenge Vic? Or Emily and her two daughters?

It 'a pretty classic mystery novel, written with great skill: the reason lies in the plot, who is apparently based on a matter of course. He does everything to bring together the suspicions about certain subjects, then here and there, that's Stagge dangles other ideas, however, concealing the real rehearsal, the evidence of guilt to the end.
It is good to say: they are overwhelming rehearsals only if interpreted psychologically from Westlake, otherwise they would not be. Wetlake employs two flashes of genius to reverse the recent guilty suicide, in murder of an innocent: the clues are two disks on which the false killer suicide would affect his/her confession and an interview that there would have not been.
Even though the final twist, about the name, is a bit melodramatic and quite built: you do not understand why a person would have to call in a way, and his parents give that name, only in order to play with his destiny.
Mysteries of a novel in which, once again, Dawn makes her contribution to the success of his father, Dr. Westlake.

Pietro De Palma

Patrick Quentin : The Jack of Diamonds, 1936

The beginning of a successful collaboration

Patrick Quentin, as Ellery Queen and others, was not only a pseudonym, but also a firm. In fact it was the combination of 4 pairs of writers, who signed differently:
the most prolific was formed by Richard Wilson Webb (1901 - 1966) and Hugh Callingham Wheeler (1912 - 1987), since he signed several novels under the symbol Quentin Patrick, most with Patrick Quentin, and all with Jonathan Stagge. In practice, the beginning of this highly successful collaboration on the 1936, when Webb, who, signing Quentin Patrick, had written two novels, first with Martha Mott Kelley (1906-2005), then, when she was married, he had written one alone and two other with Mary Louise Aswell White (1902 - 1984), he found Wheeler, an old friend. It must be said that both Webb and Wheeler, were British by birth, but then, later on, emigrating both in the United States, they had become citizens.
The Jack of Diamonds, 1936, belongs to the couple formed by Webb and Wheeler. Like the novels of the series Peter Duluth, psychological elements are mixed with elements typical of English mystery, in an extremely characteristic.

The plot is which seem remarkable.
Katherine La Motte, soprano; Sir Henry Bentley; Libby Hunt Farley, bridge player of the beau monde; John Derwood Thring III, grandson of the founder of the Tract and Treatise publishing house; Judge Homer Rock; Baroness Lili Tresckow, of  eponymous fashion house, are invited by Theodore Frensham Vanderloon, to an unusual reception, whose purpose is "To kill Mr. Joseph Starner."
It isn’t a board game such as the famous Cluedo, even if the reason is that: in the course of an evening dies a guest. But unlike the Cluedo, the aim is not to identify the murderer, as .. to locate and to kill the victim. Yeah, that's right. But why?

Who has made deliver the invitations, you can not tell he is familiar with his guests, but, like them, unfortunately he knows very well Starner, which is a vulgar blackmailer: Starner blackmails all seven persons for different reasons, but in the same way he has stolen them and he continues to steal them.

What better occasion of a reception, which will be asked the same Starner, to kill him, after having conveyed the wishes of all seven blackmailed? Moreover, all seven, being united by the same understanding will protect each other, providing all the same story.
The thought is great: the opportunity will be to skate on the ice, near a lake, close to the residence of Vanderloon, except that some of the ice will be broken, so that falling there, there will be no escape. Obviously it’s need to be Starner to fall: the ice was broken near a pole, which it has to serve to the killer to cling and at the same time to give a boost to the victim, condemning him to certain death. To avoid that Starner can notice the trap, the only lanterns that give light to the whole, have been obscured near the trap: in this way none of the seven conspirators knows who has ever been to kill Starner. In addition, the snowstorm provided by meteorological service, "to determine" the suspension of telephone communications, and means to reach the city providentially there will not be, because Vanderloon will have done so to review the car at that time.

Starner arrives, but .. not only that he is accompanied by the beautiful Carmelite, his adopted daughter. And this a hitch: no one thought that there could be a witness. However, soon the situation evolves: Carmelite begins to flirt with the baronet and the atmosphere is relaxing because Starner doesn’t notice anything and he is relaxed.
But the unexpected happens. The only person by group that has not had the slightest acquiescence in the conspiracy, was the judge Rock: he has the unfortunate idea to confess it just Starner, but Libby Farley Hunt realizes it and she says it to the other : now the situation has changed, and the game can end badly. The seven do not know what to do, are undecided, but then “the dances begin” and the seven throw themselves on the ice to skate: they are surprised, however, by snow, and the lanterns, the ones that had to ensure sufficient light, turn off: now hazardous conditions, be extended to all. However, there is the pole like a lighthouse warns of the presence nearby of the trap. Only skating, participate in, Carmelite: a concern anymore. If she fell?
At some point, however, someone actually falls. Starner died. Everyone is happy.
Men go to retrieve the body, while the women wait in the heat and darkness.

A shadow observes and talks to the right place: the terror and fear is painted on their faces: Starner is alive. So, who died?
The victim turns out to be just the judge.
Starner discovered the plot and how the attempt to eliminate him resulted in the death of judge. Both he and his victims are aware of the rest: if before the weight of blackmail was unsustainable, how it now will be that all can be blackmailed for a crime that they warp and  caused the death of an innocent? More, the victims realize that even if they could kill Starner, the presence of Carmelite may cause only a change of cashier in the logic of blackmail: she is really nice but a poor orphan subtracted from the orphanage, or she is a cunning blackmailer?
Sir Bentley assures onlookers that he will take care of her: he will marry her (if one is in love, it seems reciprocated) and then he will close the mouth of his wife, at the occasion. Here then it reappears the occasion: try to kill again Starner, with the Starner gun that the butler of Vandernoon, Bowles, philosopher and friend of the owner of the house, stole from the host suitcase.
A tray with the gun will be left on the piano in a room where the lighting will be provided only by candles: candles blown out, no one can pick out those who will subtract from the silver tray, the gun. However, the choice of the murderer, will be assisted by Fate: 52 cards will be distributed to those present and who will find it "The Jack of Diamonds", will be the hit man chosen by fate.

Only things do not go quite all the right way. Starner will be killed, but .. by whom, if the same Starner took possession of the gun?
The gun will be found next to the head, and a wound above his right ear at close range testify to the police a suicide attempt. But really Starner attempted his suicide or he was killed? Why on his shirt will be found a burning candle, as if the candlestick on the table, dropping him, it had spilled over, despite the fact that everyone knew that the candlestick was not on the table but on the fireplace? And how do you explain two shots instead of one?

The Vandernoon butler, Bowles, will have the last word and he will rebuild the actual course of events.

The work brings together two genres, combining cleverly: the Thriller and Mystery. The moment guests Vandernoon exposes his intention, that it should be common, which is it to "get rid" Starner, starts off a very special process: the Thriller is expressed in "consecutio temporum" of the crime that is being preparing. Starner will die? The authors (and the skill is in this) knew that in the case in which the victim would have been suppressed, the tension would be exhausted. And then sensed that only by creating obstacles, from time to time, they would create suggestions and  expectations are always different: the first is the arrival of a person does not hold, Carmelite; the second is given by the judge, that being faithful to his oath moral ( a man of old-fashioned justice) he can not commit a reprehensible act ; the third is given by the revelation of the plan to Starner and how he will react; the fourth:  the victim is not Starner; the fifth by the change of plan murderer; the sixth from double blow gun; the seventh from the possible intuition of another character who, alarmed by the disappearance of Starner, should alert the police.

Here and there, the voltage has points of maximum explosion, when the expectation that everything goes in a certain way, is called into question and the atmosphere at the same time makes her: for example, when women are placed in an enclosed space, in a room, in the dark or in the shadows, waiting for the corpse of Starner, and in that space where there they should be only, they hear the voice of evil and unexpected Starner: So .. as if someone had played a gong close. A terrible effect.
The Mystery instead begins where the crime was committed, and despite assume who the executioner is, the surprises will be many.

Despite a certain naivety of the fund, which corrupts the plot, namely the fact that two people who have been known for a few minutes, already decide to get married, which can happen only in a dream, the unusual shape of the investigator will undoubtedly refer to Reginald Jeeves (Bertram Wilberforce Wooster's valet) of Pelham Grenville Wodehouse.
Not only.
The same situation of the conspirators who try to kill their blackmailer and they will agree in advance that will cover each other, if they were to be questioned by the police, is very reminiscent, in fact, for me it's a shameless quote of Murder on the Orient Express by Agatha Christie, especially when the conspirators, as potential murderers, become .. avengers. Even if, as appropriate, the facts are constantly being reversed, so it is hard to recognize a common matrix.
What I think, however, testifies to the genius of the plot? A small insignificant detail: the burning caused by the candle stuck in the chandelier, which masks other burn. No one thinks that a particular kind may be important. But it is not.
And so no one notices how a chandelier that comes cited as resting on the mantelpiece, then it is found as falling off a table. Why it will have been moved?
Here is the touch of genius.

The hypotheses put forward about the literary references of which I believe to have been built this short novel, I think are sufficiently valid, based on the fact that the two, Webb and Wheeler were before becoming American citizens, British citizens. In addition, Webb is known, was "very well read" not only in the detective genre

One last thing.

Some, such as Pirani, author of an important Bibliographical Dictionary of Crime Fiction in Italy, say that the first story signed by Q. Patrick/P.Quentin would be Killed by Time, which appeared in 1935, one year before the story.

Others say that the first story would be just The Jack of Diamonds.
Mauro Boncompagni told me long ago that he had learned, from an american friend of his, about a letter written by Webb to Dannay (one of the two Queen) in which he talks about his first novel, appeared in 1933 on "Liberty", an American magazine, unfortunately without specifying the name (perhaps because Dannay already knew it).
However, it is evident that in the case of Killed by Time if not in the case of the other of 1933, one should speak of stories written before the two should meet again. So, stories belonging to the period in which, more or less, Webb worked with Mary Louise White Aswell, with whom, precisely in 1935, began publishing the second fruit of their collaboration, The Grindle Nightmare,1935 (also Darker grows the Valley).

One gets that right The Jack of Diamonds could be the first result of the collaboration Webb-Wheeler, perhaps.

Pietro De Palma